The clinical determination of the intravascular volume can be extremely difficult in critically ill and injured patients as well as those undergoing major surgery. This is problematic as fluid loading ...

Controversy regarding the use of salt-containing solutions in surgery and trauma has continued for most of the 20th century. In 1911, Evans wrote: The therapeutic value of a physiologic saline ...

Optimal fluid management in patients with acute lung injury is unknown. Diuresis or fluid restriction may improve lung function but could jeopardize extrapulmonary-organ perfusion. The rate of death ...

Fluid replacement therapy (intravenous infusion of fluid) attempts to reverse the effects of hypovolaemia by increasing circulatory blood volume and blood pressure back towards normal, in order to ...

The case description below highlights issues raised in an upcoming Critical Care Medicine article. A 77-year old man is in the ICU with septic shock and is on mechanical ventilation. Despite ...

The assessment of a patient’s body fluid status is a challenging task for modern clinicians. Ultrasonography has numerous advantages, the most important being reproducibility and bedside monitoring of ...

The central venous pressure (CVP) is frequently used to guide fluid management. Indeed, two surveys of European intensivists/anesthesiologists reported that over 90% ...