An engineered E. coli strain survived after one amino acid was designed out of many of its ribosomal proteins—an early test ...

Storing genetic material as DNA or RNA is all well and good for life on Earth, but it would be entirely pointless if we ...

AI-guided redesign of protein alphabet in bacteria could unlock new ways to build synthetic organisms.

Scientists have identified the enzyme YcaO in E. coli as solely responsible for thioamidating the ribosomal protein uL16, a modification absent in humans but present in several harmful bacteria. This ...